Migraine headaches that occur on a cyclic basis with the menstrual cycle are known as menstrual migraines. To classify as a menstrual migraine, the headache must begin anywhere from 1 day before to 4 days after the onset of menses. Approximately 15% of migraine sufferers are classified as having menstrual migraines.

Treatment of menstrual migraines is similar to that for standard migraine headaches. The one advantage for women with menstrual migraines is that they can start their treatment earlier, since they will be able to anticipate when their migraine will occur. Lifestyle changes such as increased exercise and diet low in salt, fat, and sugar has been shown to help alleviate menstrual migraines. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents such as ibuprofen or naproxen are often a good first-line choice of medication. In women with severe migraines, sumatriptan (Imitrex) has been extremely effective. Women often experience relief within one hour of a subcutaneous injection.